On June 12, 2026, the U.S. government placed Anthropic’s two most capable models under export controls, the first time a frontier AI model itself, rather than the chips beneath, it was treated as a controlled item. While the controls were later removed, it presented a new source of uncertainty for closed models coming out of American frontier labs. At almost exactly the same time, Chinese firms, specifically Z.ai and Moonshot, released several highly capable open-source models, which sharpened a core tension in U.S. strategy: promoting open diffusion to extend American influence while locking down its most advanced, closed systems. In this program, Samm Sacks and Kevin Xu join Graham Webster to unpack why the export controls were placed, why China has been leaning into open-source, and what this means for U.S. and Chinese leadership in artificial intelligence, respectively.
Open or Closed? Export Controls and the Future of U.S.-China AI
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Samm Sacks and Kevin Xu join Graham Wester to discuss the export controls on Fable and Mythos, the rise of competitive Chinese open-source models, and the resulting question of U.S.-China AI leadership.